In recent decades, petroleum operations have been continuously developed in Vietnam continental and offshore with the exploration, exploitation and discovery of several crude oil and natural gas fields with commercial reserve in Cuu Long, Nam Con Son and Malay - Tho Chu basins. Petroleum operations demand advanced scientific technology and huge investment capital. This operation may bring high profits, but involves huge risks and in some cases, leads to loses. Because of the high commercial value and profits from crude oil, contractors still accept risks when entering this operation. In some cases, contractors face risk of loses due to misestimating of field development economic efficiency model, high investment costs but the economic efficiency rate is lower than expected. Thus, the commencement of the operation may be prolonged by contractors. One of the solutions to solve this problem is to reduce the investment costs as much as possible by applying old technology and reduce equipment costs.
Environmental issue in oil and gas exploration and production operations in recent years also became a big problem. Regulations for environment protection, usage of natural resources have been closely amended. Vietnam Parliamentary ratified a Law on Petroleum, a provision which prohibited gas flaring. This result in the increase of investment and it may become an obstacle in the contractors’ field development execution.
Environment protection is not only contractors’ responsibility but also Vietnamese government’s state owned enterprise, PetroVietnam. Furthermore, PetroVietnam should find the right way to speed up the execution of the field development.
The right way to settle the prolongation of field development in such case is the participation of owner’s enterprise in the construction of the gas gathering pipeline system by method of cost sharing, integrating the gas gathering pipeline system project with the oil field development project.
Mr. Pham Minh Nga made a case study on the gas gathering system for block 16-1 Te Giac Trang & block 15-2/1 Hai Su Trang – Hai Su Den field development which objectives focused on these subjects: (1) description of Oil Field Development process and its issues; (2) integration necessity of gas gathering system in oil field development project; and (3) solution chosen to execute the integration.
Conclusion
The petroleum operation is very complex and requires advanced scientific technology marvels with high investment costs, especially the offshore oil exploration and production activities. This operation brings huge economic profit from the high oil commercial value to the operator. However, the economic efficiency of this activities depend much on the field development planning relating to the execution of interactive activities in all stages, from exploration, drilling and production operations, reservoir engineering and well logging, and enhanced oil recovery. An Oil Field Development Plan should be formed and appraised based on these objectives: acceptable technical technology, economic efficiency, appliance to international practices in enhanced oil recovery optimism, conformity with Regulations of Law on environmental protection, and preservation of natural petroleum resources.
Nowadays, Regulations of Laws on petroleum operation have been amended and supplemented to conform to the realistic requirements for environment, resources preservation, technology application, enhanced oil recovery optimism, those which, both the owners’ body and contractors must be followed. Besides, the owners should have responsibility to instruct contractors in the execution and find method to resolve problems with the purpose of encouraging contractor in promoting the oil field development. The participation of the enterprise owners in coordination with contractors in the execution of FDP is an important factor to contribute to the success of the FDP.
With the example of this case study: Integrating Gas Gathering Facility Project in Oil Field Development Project, it has been realized that this is a reasonable solution for speeding up the Offshore Oil Field Development which is similar to HST-HSD and TGS Oil Field Development Projects in Bach Ho Basin.
It is of a realistic proof that the alternative is the best solution for Projects in the area which have like circumstances and condition, but it may be defect and in-economic if it is applied in various projects without careful consideration. Therefore, finding out an acceptable solution for resolving any issue or problem, it should be decided based on the reality and overall analysis and evaluation.
His thesis abstract is copied and posted.
Abstract
In many decades, crud oil and natural gas have become essential energy resources in the industrial development of all countries in the world. It has been enormously forcing the development of petroleum operations. The life cycle of petroleum operations includes exploration and development, production, refining, marketing, transportation distribution to the end-user, and final utilization. New scientific technologies have been increasingly applied in all life cycle of petroleum operations.
Even though petroleum operations have been based on solid scientific excellence and engineering marvels, only recently has it been discovered that many of the practices are not environmentally sustainable. Practically all life-cycle activities of hydrocarbon operations are accompanied by undesirable discharges of liquid, solid, and gaseous wastes, CO2 emission by gas flaring which have an enormous impact on the environment. For example, during drilling, water-based drilling muds and cuttings are discharged overboard, whereas during production, the major discharge is produced water. The ecological impacts of these discharges, including habitat destruction and fragmentation in both terrestrial and aquatic environments, are now recognized as major concerns associated with petroleum and natural gas developments. Consequently, reducing environmental impact is the most pressing issue today and many environmentalist groups are calling for curtailing petroleum operations altogether. By developing new technologies that guarantee sustainability in hydrocarbon operations, these problems have been solved in environmentally acceptable, economically profitable, and socially responsible manner.
Besides, petroleum operations must be commenced in conformity with the Law and Regulations relating to the economical usage of all natural resources. Thus, either enterprises or contractors involved in petroleum operations have great responsibility for the planning, appraisal, approval or commencement of oil field development project in compliance with the regulations of environment, technology, preservation and economical use of petroleum.
With this study, an acceptable solution for the integrating the Gas Gathering Pipeline System with Block 16-1 Te Giac Trang and Block 15–2/1 Hai Su Trang - Hai Su Den Offshore Vietnam Field Development Project have been chosen to undertake with the purpose of encouraging the early development of such offshore Oil Fields and commencing the economical use of associated gases.
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