PROJECT DELAYS IN CONSTRUCTION TAXIWAY S1

IN NOI BAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

By

Nguyen Xuan Thang

Abstract

Construction mismanagement results in multiple problems that can cascade throughout the work force chain, affecting the schedule and leading to damages to multiple parties. Although the problem may start with a single subcontractor, it can result in all contractors feeling some impact to their work.

The actual delays causation occur in all kind of activities, but mostly in technical and management mistakes. The most important part comes from information, documentation and staff management. The impact from details engineering and purchasing materials are mainly related from the mismanagement of this process.

The construction schedule updating and forecasting can handle the uncertainty associated with quantifying activity delays and their impacts. The conditions in the schedule, that they are able to react and take the appropriate corrective measures to avoid and minimize delays.

The construction firms and the contractors need to feel in the same rhythm of their project. Especially in large and sophisticate project, our desire to complete the works on time and within budget is hard to fulfill. We can only achieve this goal if we have the experience, competence staff and numerous resources, strong financial aspects, and most of all we use it reasonable.

Executive summary

Rationale of research

This research has been conducted to identify the causes of delay in airport construction projects.

Objectives of study

To identify factors involved in delay in construction of airport projects completed and which are under construction and to develop a frame work for remaining or under construction projects of airports.

Methodology

The exploratory research method is used for literature review, to study and analyze project management of taxiway S1 in Noi Bai international airport in terms of strengths & weakness and to propose recommendations.

Findings and conclusion

The problem of delay time in the project construction of aviation infrastructure in Viet Nam is a serious problem. The results of this study provide a framework for project management can better understand the dynamics of project management and implementation of efforts to reduce incidences of delay time.

It was found that there are some important factors affecting the project time in implementing to build aviation infrastructure project. Completion time of any project is effected by the factors: Namely policy, budget, human source and materials.

Recommendations

In order to consider improving schedule of transport construction project, five policies having the most potential were evaluated. The result showed that delay can be reduced by carrying out several important policies during the construction phase including:

·         Design accuracy

·         Budget

·         Bidding document

·         Fluctuation and scarcity of material

·         Quality contractor (design, construction, consultant).

For future research:

·         Expand the model boundary assumptions to include other project stage, may comprise of design stage, bidder stage and deeper involvement of other parties.

·         Incorporate of deeper related with governmental institutions such as policies of government and inconsistencies in laws and aviation authority regulations.

·         Base on measurement, we can find out the good way to manage and finish the project on time, avoid the mistakes that it is occurring in the construction of transport infrastructure in Viet Nam.

MPM Faculty List 2011-2012

1.Bonaventura H.W. Hadikusumo, PhD

Asian Institute of Technology - Thailand

Specialization: Organizational Management, Project Management, construction Safety Management, construction quality management.

Nationality: Indonesia

2.Chotchai Charoenngam, PhD

Asian Institute of Technology - Thailand

Specialization: Project Scheduling, Project Financing, Project Management.

Nationality: Thailand

3.Stephen O. Ogunlana, PhD

Herriot-Watt University (UK)

Specialization: Project Management, Project Risk Management, Project Contract management

Nationality: Nigeria

4.Burin Kunatippapong, M.Eng, M.M.

Specialization: Negotiation Management, project management, leadership in project organization

Nationality: Thailand

5.Santi Charoenpornpattana, PhD

King Mongkut’s University of Technology, Thailand

Specialization: Project Scheduling, Project Financing, Project Management.

Nationality: Thailand

6.Ng Eng Wan, MBA, CPA

Specialization: Financial Management, accounting, project financial and accounting management

Nationality: Malaysia

8.Veerasak Likhitruangsilp, PhD

Chulalongkorn University, Thailand

Specialization: project risk management, project management, contract management

Nationality: Thailand

9.Roland Amoussou –Guenou, PhD

Specialization: Legal aspect of contract, contract, FIDIC.

Nationality: French

10.Takayuki Minato, PhD

University of Tokyo

Specialization: project management, project cost management, project risk management, project financial management.

Nationality: Japan

11.Wiboon Tachapaisalkul,M.Eng, MBA

Specialization: management process, safety management, Quality Management in ISO

Nationality: Thailand

12.Professor Gary E. Griggs

Stanford University

Specialization: Contract Administration, Public Infratructure, project management

Nationality: U.S.A

13.Theerathorn Tharatchai, PhD

Specialization: Project management, feasibility study, engineering economics, Housing and Real-Estate

Nationality: Thailand

14. Oulawan Kulchartchai, PhD

Specialization: Project management, project communication, project safety management, construction site administration.

Nationality: Thailand

5th Year Anniversary of MPM in HCM City

Dear All

We will celebrate our important milestone of our history. This year 2012, we have been operating MPM in HCM city for 5 years. At present, we have around 250 alumni and students of MPM. When we started MPM in the year 2007, we started with 10 professional students in HCM city and 22 in Vung Tau. Now, MPM has our programs in HCM, Hanoi and Cantho.

The 5th Year anniversary will be conducted in HCM city on 18 February. If you are interested to participate, please contact ms Tuong.

Regards
Hadikusumo

Claims in Building Projects in Public Sector: Case Study in Mekong Area, Vietnam

The nature of construction industry is source of claims and disputes. They have very strong effect on the social and financial benefit of building projects. It means that the stimulation functions of these projects cannot achieve optimal value for economic development strategy of Vietnam. “In Vietnam, regularly, construction projects have met delays and cost overruns” (Long 2008). Although, both contractor and owner know that these claims cannot be avoided or solved at all easily, claims can be managed by preventing and procedures for settling them when they occur. Firstly, claims are result of risks in construction projects. But all risks were not identified and managed by the appropriate methods in order to control them within allowable range to reduce extension time and/or cost overrun of both contractor and client.

Secondly, almost owners in public sector avoid claims by transferring these risks to contractors, designer and consultants. However, claims can be managed and settled claims by owners efficiently. Hence, the influence of claim issues may be mitigated by cooperation of all stakeholders.

Mr. Nguyen Van Tam made a study to find which source of claims are essential and which types of claims have usually occurred in building projects. The objectives of his thesis consisted of three main points: i) identify types and causes of claims in the building project in Vietnam; ii) identify how the claim is settled in terms of analysis for additional cost and/or analysis for extension time; and iii) study claim attitudes of owners and contractors in the building project.

Conclusion

Causes of Claims in Building Projects in Mekong Delta

The case study explored the most significant problems causing claim in terms of delays and/or cost overrun. Factors related to designers, contractors and consultants were rated among the top problems. Delay issues as design changes by mistakes, additional works by owner, and mistakes during construction with 26 vital factors to be inventoried by literature and experts. Cost overrun issues such as design changes by mistakes, price fluctuation, additional works by owner, and unforeseen site condition. The foundation structure changes due to poor or lack of soft soil properties lead increase delay time and cost overrun. There are many owners who can give changes in design document during construction stage.

Claim Settlement in Terms of Additional Cost and/or Extension Time Analysis

There were not clear and fair claim analysis procedures that were written in contract condition or any construction decree or construction law. This was the opportune platform to grow claims. Owners did not force or require contractors to use CPM method in planning, monitoring and controlling the projects. A diary and meeting paper are central tools to notify all events in construction site. Evidently, both parties did not negotiate or discuss to choose a claim analysis method to deal when claims occurred. Although there are major numbers of delay and cost overrun analysis methods, choosing an appropriate analysis method is significant factors to estimate delay time and additional cost in clear and fair way.

Claim Attitudes in Building Projects

Core of claim cultures that were found are distributive attitude and economic order. These attitudes affected very deep in thinking and acting claim events in building projects. However, integrative attitude and occupational order can be observed as cooperation strategy inside project stakeholders. All findings in the study can support to managers and engineers who work in organization level or project level to enrich effect of building projects in public sector in Mekong area or Vietnam scale.

Abstract

Building projects in public sector in Mekong area in Vietnam has been suffered claim impacts heavily. They affect very strong on the social and financial benefit of building projects. In order to increase effect of claim management in building projects, three issues of claims that are causes of claim in terms of delay and/or cost overrun, claim settlement in terms of additional cost and/or extension time and claim attitudes were studied. The study was conducted by case study methodology with data of six building projects in public sector. First finding, the case study explored the most significant problems causing claim in terms of delays and/or cost overrun. Second finding, there were not clear and fair claim analysis procedures that were written in contract condition or any construction decree or construction law. Final finding, core of claim cultures were found are distributive attitude and economic order. These attitudes affected very deep in thinking and acting claim events in building projects. All findings in the study can support to managers and engineers who work in organization level or project level to enrich effect of building projects in public sector in Mekong area or Vietnam scale.

Keywords: Claim, delay, cost overrun, claim attitude, Mekong delta, Vietnam.

CAUSATIVE FACTORS LEADING TO COST OVERRUN

IN EPC POWER PROJECTS

A CASE STUDY OF VUNG ANG POWER PLANT PROJECT IN VIETNAM

By

Ngo Hoang Linh

Abstract

Complete project within its scheduled cost has long been regarded as one of the most important goals of a project and the driving force of project success. Accurate scheduled cost estimates are critical to any client when making decision-to-build for a project. Despite the proven importance of cost target, cost overrun still occurs in almost construction projects, in any scale and kinds of project, in every country.

In an attempt to minimize cost overrun, the owners of power plant projects in Viet Nam widely choose EPC delivery model with fixed price contract. However, cost overrun is still severe in Vietnam Power projects where these overruns sometimes exceed 60% of the anticipated cost of the project (Son La hydro power project – VnEconomy, 2010). There are several factors leading to these cost overruns, some of which are unforeseen, but almost others relate to the incompetency of project management in terms of risk analysis.

Fully understanding and thorough analysis all causations significantly impacting to project cost are very important step for project management system.

This study identifies the major causative factors leading to cost overrun in power projects in Viet Nam. The study addresses causations of these factors and how to manage these factors for future projects and propose a framework for cost control in power plant project.

  

Executive summary

Rationale of research

This research has been conducted to identify factors involving cost overrun in Engineering Procurement Contract (EPC) in Power Plant projects.

Objectives of study

To identify factors involving cost overrun in power plant projects, analyzes causes of factors involving cost overrun and to propose a solution to cost control in EPC power plant projects.

Methodology

The exploratory research method is used for literature review and field research of Vung Ang Coal-fired Power Plant Project. This research is based on document record of happening in the project, statistical data and consultant assessment and analysis.

Findings and conclusion

From results of the case study in Vung Ang project, the following conclusion

• Identification of causative factors affecting project cost overrun

There were many variables that contributed to cost overruns in the power projects implemented in Vietnam. In preparation stage, the major factors are: insufficient soil investigation, in accuracy of FEED design and total cost estimate and non-guaranteed fuel resources. In EPC stage the major factors are design changes, inflation, delay of land reimbursement, interference of public authorities, technical complexity, contractor capability, and delay and weather condition.

This revelation should enable planners to take stock of the past performance and incorporate lessons learned.

·         Frame work to control cost overrun

The ability to mitigate the impact of cost overruns will largely depend on proper FEED design, adequate planning of schedule and resources, commitment of all project teams, application of project management techniques through use of qualified and motivated manpower.

In preparation stage, enough time and resources should be allocated to ensure that the following to be conducted: adequate site investigation, appropriate and up to date information, well definition of project specification and scope, accurate project cost estimates, adequate project analysis, wise selection of capable contractor, proper agreement with fuel resources suppliers, product off-taker, public authorities and other relevant parties.

In EPC stage, among all factors leading to cost overruns, management related factors are those which can be controlled and prevented most easily. Concentration should be placed on improvement of project management and human resources to ensure the followings: adequate contract/sub-contract management well cost control, schedule progress, proper quality management system, risk management, staff training, and good linkage with public authorities and other relevant parties.

Suggestion for future research

This study has indicated factors creating cost overruns in EPC power project but their frequency of occurrence and severity of impaction is still unknown. The scope of study can be extended to find out the impact of these factors in relation to their occurrence pattern and their severity impact. A cost control system and remedial solutions can also be researched to deal with these factors and to bring cost overruns down to some acceptable limits if they cannot be completely eradicated. Future research can also be extended to other type of project in process industries.

Owner’s Quality Management – A case study of high-rise building project for resettlement of people relocated

by

Dang Quang Ngoc

Abstract

In the recent years, QMS become the most critical factor, tool for any construction organization who want to be affirmed their reputation in the real estate market. This report expresses the key issues of the Quality Management System (QMS) in implementing the construction project.

By this study, A high-rise building project for Resettlement and People relocated, I would like to express the theories and the standards system of the Owner’s Quality Management System in construction, system requirements for owner’s QMS in construction and its benefits. The report has introduce briefly the factors that most effect to project quality studied from public reports and the key points to control project quality from the design to construction stage.

Through a case study on high-rise building project I also would like to propose a framework for application and improvement of QMS in order to obtain a better managing construction project.

   

Executive summary 

Rationale of research

This research has been conducted to identify problems and propose frame work for Quality Management System (QMS) for high rise construction.

Objectives of study

To study implementation of QMS for project owner in construction project from design phase to construction phase, discussion interims of strengths and weakness to recommend improvement and to propose a frame work on QMS for High rise construction.

Methodology

The exploratory research method is used to study QMS through QMS standards for comparison and applying theories into existing QMS for improvement.

Findings and conclusion

In general, most of the requirements of quality system have been covered and presented in the existing system. However, the Owner’s QMS only meet the general requirements related to low-rise building and the simple construction project. The owner need to develop their QMS to specified construction project, such as high-rise building, add the requirement related to control the pile foundation, the fire fighting system, tower crane installation, elevator....etc. Otherwise, the common problems of missing contract review, improper coordination and communication, lack of the process control, control of quality records and the inspection status monitoring during the course of work are the reasons that caused major problems to owner such as schedule delay, rework and violation of safety.

Moreover, it is observed from the high-rise building project that most of problems occurred during design phase and construction phase are caused by these groups: missing contract review, poor coordination and communication, lack of training and internal audit, inadequate quality control procedures. Moreover, the quality culture in organization should be formed up so that the Company can reach to the Total Quality Management.

Recommendations

1.      Document clear procedures of construction for high-rise building

High-rise building project is large and complicated project required a high demand on structure, fire fighting system, M&E system, safety during construction and operation...etc. Owner not only conduct the general QMS system on implementing project but also amend and improve the existing procedure(current quality plan old) to ensure the quality of project.

2.      Increase in Commitment by Top Management

 Top management shall demonstrate its commitment to

·         Communicate the importance of customer’s meeting and regulatory & legal requirements.

·         Establishing the quality policy and quality objectives.

·         Provide necessary resources, funds for implementation of QMS, make sure all members of the company understand and comply with the process.

·         Creating a culture of quality within the company, all activities of the departments to the staff in the company must aim quality.

3.      Internal Quality Audit training for All Level of Staff

            Company need to provide the training courses about quality management of construction projects, regulations on quality control for construction works, the specific requirements for quality and quality management of construction works at the company and work instructions and forms for each individual, each position. Company need to establish a separate quality management department. That will work with other departments to build handbook quality control documents, materials, processes and carrying out tasks for each department.

4.      Focusing on customer

     Company needs to consider on costumer focus orientation to satisfy customer needs from planning phase to warranty, maintenance work to keep old customers and make new relations. The Top management should establish the customer caring unit to collect customer feedback, for improvement.

5.      Develop Communication and Coordination Procedure

     Need to develop clear communication & coordination mechanism for all parties involved.

·      Briefings units periodically.

·      Prepare reports, periodic testing.

·      Regularly and promptly report and exchange information related to the situation in the construction

·       Inviting the State management agencies to inspect and certify the results of construction in accordance with the Ministry of Construction.

·      Coordinate with the state management of local development organizations

-          Check the profile construction process.

-          Check out the results of construction at the site.

-          Certification records and test results as the basis for the test conducted in the stage of execution.

6.      Enhance the corrective and preventive activities and improvement

     Companies need unified approach to the implementation of improvement actions, prevent, eliminate causes of potential nonconformities, which included measures to improve quality systems company's process improvement project construction. A professional group to be appointed to do research by working in different departments for quality improvement and will submit results to management for approval for implementation.

After performing the corrective, preventive action and improvement, they shall consider the results and draw experience.

RISK FACTORS AND MANAGEMENT IN CABLE STAYED BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT – A CASE STUDY OF NHAT TAN BRIDGE PROJECT IN HANOI

By

Nguyen Ninh Son

Abstract

In bridge construction projects, even minor problems in any work at any time may cause serious un-expected consequences. Risk management will reduce and prevent risks happen to the project. In risk management, we need to analyze risks firstly. Risk analysis will help to identify potential risks can be happened to the project, therefore we can restrain risks and maximize reduce damages of the project. 

This Study mentions about subject: Risk management in bridge construction project in Vietnam in general and Nhat Tan bridge construction project in particular. Through this Study, I hope that I can present to Engineers, Managers a overall view of risks prevention in construction and operation stage of bridge construction project.

This Study carry-out risks analysis in Nhat Tan bridge construction project base on my own experiences and knowledge studied at AIT. Through this Study I hope that I can present a risk management framework for bridge construction projects. 

Executive summary

Rationale of research

This research has been conducted to identify the risk factors in Bridge construction projects.

Objectives of study

To identify factors of risks management of constructions project in general and bridge construction project in particular, with focus on “Risks Factors and Management in Stay Cable Bridge Construction Project” and apply in Nhat Tan cable stayed bridge construction project.   

Face to potential risks and what managers should do to minimize the defects and predict, prevent other risks occur?

Methodology

The exploratory research method is used for literature review, to study and analyze Risks Factors and Management in Stay Cable Bridge Construction Project.

Findings and conclusion

The purpose of project risk management is to reduce the risk in order to achieve the objective of the project such as time, cost, quality, safety and environment. In particular, risk management helps people involved as project manager, HSE manager, and quality manager, in setting priorities, allocating resources and implementing actions and process to mitigate the risk of the project.

Construction is performed by Contractor to ensure that the work is completed successfully. Risk factors in construction stage of cable stayed bridge construction project often occur in: Health and Safety, Environment, Cost and Technical problems. Main risks included:

·          Delay of land acquisition, seriously affect to cost and schedule of the project.

·          Low quality of input materials: sand, aggregate, cement, steel (for fabrication of main girders), cable do not satisfy requirements of specification.

·          Method statements are not suitable with site condition and not effective.

·          Lack of supervisor, instruction of Consultant Engineer in working process.

·          Dangerous working conditions: working in the large river, working at height.

This research also has conducted a risk management study for cable stayed bridge construction project. The case study in this research is the real cable stayed construction project. Some of solutions given in this research have applied in the real conditions of the project. They worked effectively and also reduce bad effects, damages of the project caused by risks.